Film career and death Andjar Asmara

andjar s wife, ratna, first female film director in indonesian history.

upon return indies, andjar formed theatrical troupe, bolero, effendi, left troupe around 1940 work @ kolf publishers in surabaya. effendi left head of bolero, became more politicised. @ kolf andjar edited publisher s magazine poestaka timoer. work entailed writing synopses , serials based on popular films kolf s magazine, became increasingly involved in film industry. asked teng chun, whom had maintained business relationship, direct film company java industrial film (jif); andjar became 1 of several noted theatrical personnel migrated film following albert balink s 1937 hit terang boelan (full moon).

after handling marketing rentjong atjeh (rencong of aceh, 1940), andjar made directorial debut in 1940 kartinah, war-time romance starring ratna asmara. academia critical of film, believing lack educational value. in 1941 directed noesa penida, tragedy based in bali, jif; film remade in 1988. in these films, had little creative control, , performed indonesian entertainment journalist eddie karsito describes dialogue coach. camera angles , locations chosen cinematographer, producer.

during japanese occupation 1942 1945, nation s film industry ceased exist: 1 studio closed, , films released propaganda pieces assist japanese war effort , promote greater east asia co-prosperity sphere. andjar not involved in these excited artistic merits of japanese films. although wrote several short stories during time, 3 of published in pro-japanese newspaper asia raja in 1942, andjar focused on theatre, forming troupe tjahaya timoer. visited cultural centre (keimin bunka sidosho) in jakarta, 2 employees, d. djajakusuma , usmar ismail, discussed filmmaking him. both became influential film directors during 1950s.

after indonesia s independence, andjar moved purwokerto lead daily perdjoeangan rakjat. after paper collapsed, returned film, film piece entitled djaoeh dimata netherlands indies civil administration in 1948. followed 2 additional films, anggrek bulan (moon orchid; 1948) , gadis desa (maiden village; 1949), both based on plays wrote several years earlier. in 1950, andjar published novel, noesa penida, critique of balinese caste system, followed lovers different levels of social hierarchy. meanwhile, continued write , publish paperback serials adapted local films.

andjar s screenplay dr samsi adapted film in 1952 ratna asmara, had become indonesia s first female film director 1950 film sedap malam (sweetness of night). adaptation starred ratna , raden ismail. prove andjar s last screenwriting credit during lifetime. although no longer writing films, andjar remained active in country s film industry. in 1955 headed inaugural indonesian film festival, criticized when gave best picture award 2 films, usmar ismail s lewat djam malam (after curfew) , lilik sudjio s tarmina. critics wrote lewat djam malam stronger of 2 , suggested djamaluddin malik, tarmina s producer, had influenced jury s decision.

in 1958 asmara became head of entertainment magazine varia, fellow director raden ariffien served deputy. asmara held position until death; among other roles, wrote series of memoires on history of theatre in country. died on 20 october 1961 in cipanas, west java, during trip bandung , buried in jakarta.

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