Background Hejaz Vilayet



the kaaba in mecca, in 1889.


sultan selim defeated mamluk sultanate in 1517 , took on egypt. hejaz @ time, mamluk suzerainty , had relied on egypt grain imports, under threat aggressive portuguese navy in red sea. result, emir of mecca @ time, berekat ibn muhammed haseni, sent 12-year-old son, muhammad (future ebu-numey ), egypt , pledged allegiance ottoman sultan, along key mecca. sultan allowed emir of mecca remain in power in exchange loyalty sultan. strengthen sultan s legitimacy in hejaz , in muslim world, sultan adopted title custodian of 2 holy mosques. initially, ottomans administered hejaz under eyalet of egypt. sharif of mecca represented imperial authority in region. administration later fell governors of jeddah, , eyalet of jeddah later transformed hejaz vilayet, governor in mecca.








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